Journal

The Memodyne journal

Five pieces, each on a question this particular bottle raises.

The sixth ingredient two documents disagree about, a 1985 absorption study that complicates one line of the label, what an ingredient count is really counting, what a capsule physically holds, and how to decide on a product whose amounts are not published.

Longer writing than the product pages carry, on the questions this label raises rather than on the category in general.

Articles

Five pieces from the Memodyne desk

Two documents, one bottle, and a sixth ingredient that is not the same on both

The bottle and the sales page name different sixth ingredients. Which document wins, why it changes the evidence, and how to settle it in one telephone call.

Calcium carbonate before breakfast, and a 1985 study that makes one instruction awkward

The label says before a meal. Calcium carbonate absorbs best with one. A 1985 study, the population it applies to, and what to do about it.

Four names, one mechanism: what a nitric-oxide ingredient list is really counting

Six names, three mechanisms. Why four of this label's ingredients are entrances to one pathway, and what that does to a buying decision.

What a thirty-capsule bottle can physically hold

A capsule holds under a gram. The trials used grams. What that arithmetic proves, what it does not, and the one ingredient it does not apply to.

Buying on names when there are no numbers, and how to decide anyway

The panel is missing, so the usual method will not run. Six steps that do not need one, and the four cases where the answer is to buy nothing.

Method

Where these pieces came from

Three of the five exist because of two facts about this bottle that are not true of any other product on this shelf: its sales page and its artwork name different sixth ingredients, and its label directs a calcium carbonate capsule into the fasting window.

The other two are the general questions those facts raise — what an ingredient count is actually counting, and how to buy at all when the amounts are unpublished. Both are written to be useful on the next label as well as on this one.

Every citation was retrieved through the NCBI services and each reference written from the fields returned.
The amount each trial used was read out of its own abstract, which is why those figures appear in the tables rather than in adjectives.
Each piece carries only the sources it cites. A site-wide reference list under a short article reads as padding.
Corrections go to [email protected] and move the review date.

About this review

Who writes the Memodyne journal

Recker RR. Calcium absorption and achlorhydria. N Engl J Med. 1985;313(2):70-3. PMID 4000241. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4000241/
Ghasemifard N, Lewis JR, Radavelli-Bagatini S, et al. Calcium supplementation and the risk of dementia in the Perth Longitudinal Study of Aging Women: a post-hoc analysis of a randomised clinical trial for fracture prevention. Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2025;63:101694. PMID 41346785. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41346785/
Ostfeld I, Zamir A, Ben-Zeev T, et al. β-Alanine supplementation improves fractional anisotropy scores in the hippocampus and amygdala in 60-80-year-old men and women. Exp Gerontol. 2024;194:112513. PMID 38971131. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38971131/
Li A, Li H, Chen J. The effects of L-citrulline supplementation on cerebrovascular function during sprint interval training in taekwondo athletes. J Exerc Sci Fit. 2025;23(3):222-228. PMID 40474881. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40474881/
Campbell B, Roberts M, Kerksick C, et al. Pharmacokinetics, safety, and effects on exercise performance of L-arginine alpha-ketoglutarate in trained adult men. Nutrition. 2006;22(9):872-81. PMID 16928472. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16928472/
Yeung LK, Alschuler DM, Wall M, et al. Multivitamin Supplementation Improves Memory in Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2023;118(1):273-282. PMID 37244291. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37244291/
Yasser E, Ayache L, El Khayat H, et al. Sleep and memory consolidation: Neural and cognitive perspectives. Prog Brain Res. 2026;299:137-176. PMID 42547206. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42547206/
Using Dietary Supplements Wisely. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health. https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/using-dietary-supplements-wisely

Written and reviewed by the Memodyne Team at Memoedyne

The bottle comes first. The 6 ingredient names, the three words on the teal band and the directions line are read off the artwork and reproduced as printed; prices and the refund window are read off the seller’s own page on a stated date. Where the seller’s ingredient section and the artwork disagree — and on this product they do — the artwork is printed and the disagreement is shown rather than smoothed over. Because no Supplement Facts panel was supplied, each name is set beside the amount its published trials used, with the population and the outcome attached, and the label’s own column stays empty. Every PubMed record here was pulled through the NCBI summary service and the citation written from the fields it returned, so any reader can check one in about twenty seconds. Corrections are made on the page and move the review date: [email protected]. Last reviewed September 2026.

Keep reading

More about Memodyne

Choosing a memory supplementSix steps for reading any label in this aisle. The memory supplement guideWhat the published evidence in this category shows. The six namesEach ingredient, and the sixth name in dispute.